Howtoge - Ubuntu 9.04

Howto Install LAMP server in Jaunty

Natt Chanapa — Mon, 13 Jul 2009 19:29:15 +0000

LAMP (Linux, Apache, MySQL and PHP) is an open source Web development platform that uses Linux as operating system, Apache as the Web server,MySQL as the relational database management system and PHP as the object-oriented scripting language.
We have already discussed howto install LAMP server using the base installation.If you want to install separately use this procedure.

Apache2 installation

Install apache2 using the following command

sudo apt-get install apache2

to check that Apache has been installed without problems, go to your browser and type

http://localhost

or from remove machine

http://serveripaddress

Note:- You can find your server ip address using ifconfig command

if everything is correct you will see the message

It works

PHP5 Installation

Install php5 using the following command

sudo apt-get install php5 libapache2-mod-php5

restart apache2 using the following command

sudo etc/init.d/apache2 restart

MySql Installation

To install MySql type the command

sudo apt-get install mysql-server

During the installation you will get the screen to set root password for MySql, enter your password and retype it

Phpmyadmin

phpMyAdmin is a free software tool written in PHP intended to handle the administration of MySQL over the World Wide Web. phpMyAdmin supports a wide range of operations with MySQL. The most frequently used operations are supported by the user interface (managing databases, tables, fields, relations, indexes, users, permissions, etc), while you still have the ability to directly execute any SQL statement.

Install phpmyadmin in ubuntu

sudo apt-get install phpmyadmin

During the installation a blue screen will appear asking you which server you want to use apache, apache2 …. choose then apache2 and click ok

Now Point your browser to: http://serverip/phpmyadmin

HOWTO : Performance tuning of LAMP and Ubuntu 9.04 Server

Fri, 10 Jul 2009 08:16:06 +0000

Step 1 :

sudo a2enmod deflate

sudo nano /etc/apache2/conf.d/deflate.conf

Add the following lines at the file.

<IfModule mod_deflate.c>
DeflateCompressionLevel 6
AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/plain
AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/html
AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/xml
AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/css
AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/xhtml+xml
AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/xml
AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/rss+xml
AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/atom_xml
AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/x-javascript
AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/x-httpd-php
AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/x-httpd-fastphp
AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/x-httpd-eruby
AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE image/svg+xml
AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/postscript
<IfModule mod_headers.c>
Header append Vary User-Agent
</IfModule>
</IfModule>

sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart

Step 2 :

wget http://bart.eaccelerator.net/source/0.9.5.3/eaccelerator-0.9.5.3.tar.bz2

tar xvf eaccelerator-0.9.5.3.tar.bz2

sudo apt-get install build-essential php5-dev

cd eaccelerator-0.9.5.3
phpize
./configure
make
sudo make install

sudo mkdir /tmp/eaccelerator
sudo chmod 0777 /tmp/eaccelerator

Step 3 :

sudo nano /etc/php5/apache2/php.ini

Append the following lines at the end of the file.

extension="eaccelerator.so"
; shm_size default is 16, you may change to 64 or 128 depends on your RAM
eaccelerator.shm_size="16"
eaccelerator.cache_dir="/tmp/eaccelerator"
eaccelerator.enable="1"
eaccelerator.optimizer="1"
eaccelerator.check_mtime="1"
eaccelerator.debug="0"
eaccelerator.filter=""
eaccelerator.shm_max="0"
eaccelerator.shm_ttl="0"
eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="0"
eaccelerator.shm_only="0"
eaccelerator.compress="1"
eaccelerator.compress_level="9"

sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart

Performance tuning of Ubuntu 9.04 Server

Step 4 :

sudo nano /etc/sysctl.conf

Append the following lines at the end of the file.

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 2147483648
kernel.shmmni = 4096
# If you have more than 512MB RAM, use this setting (uncomment it and comment the setting just below)
#fs.file-max = 256000
# If you have 512MB RAM or less, use this setting
fs.file-max = 65535
vm.swappiness = 1
vm.vfs_cache_pressure = 50

net.core.rmem_default = 16777216
net.core.rmem_max = 16777216
net.core.wmem_default = 16777216
net.core.wmem_max = 16777216
net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 10240 87380 16777216
net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 10240 87380 16777216
net.ipv4.tcp_no_metrics_save = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_window_scaling = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_sack = 1
net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 5000

sudo /sbin/sysctl -p

Step 5 :

sudo nano /etc/rc.local

Add the following lines before "exit 0".

echo 1024 > /sys/block/sda/queue/read_ahead_kb
echo 256 > /sys/block/sda/queue/nr_requests

*The captioned lines are for sda only.

Step 6 :

sudo nano /etc/fstab

Add "noatime" before "relatime". For example :

UUID=0e57987f-...... / ext3 noatime,relatime,errors=remount-ro 0 1

UUID=0e57987f-...... / ext4 noatime,relatime,errors=remount-ro 0 1

sudo mount -a

If there is no error message, you can now reboot your system.

HOWTO : Security enhanced your Ubuntu 9.04 LAMP server with AppArmor

Fri, 10 Jul 2009 08:01:13 +0000

Step 1 :

Check if AppArmor is enabled or not. And make sure MySQL profile is enabled too.

sudo apparmor_status

Step 2 :

Create a profile of Apache2.

sudo aa-genprof apache2

sudo nano /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.apache2

Add the following lines within ^DEFAULT_URI bracket.

/usr/sbin/suexec2 rix, /usr/share/apache2/** r, /var/log/apache2/** rwl, /var/xoops/** r, /var/www/xoops/** r,

Step 3 :

Put the profile in complain mode.

sudo aa-complain /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.apache2 sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart

Step 4 :

After running the XOOPS for a while, we can update the profiles.

sudo aa-logprof

When the prompt ask for your selection, choose “A (Add)” to add a rule to the profiles. Save the file at the end of the process.

You can repeat this step when necessary.

Step 5 :

After running the XOOPS for a longer time and found no error, you can make the profile in enforce mode. Before doing so, make sure you have conducted the Step 4 once more.

sudo aa-enforce /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.apache2 sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart

Step 6 (Optional) :

If you encounter any error, you can disable the profile.

sudo ln -s /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.apache2 /etc/apparmor.d/disable/ sudo apparmor_parser -R < /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.apache2 sudo rm /etc/aparmor.d/disable/usr.sbin.apache2